I-membrane ephefumulayo ye-PE uhlobo olusha lwezinto ze-polymer ezingangeni manzi. Kusukela enkambisweni yokukhiqiza, izidingo zobuchwepheshe ziphakeme kakhulu kunezo zezinto ezijwayelekile ezingangeni manzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kusukela embonweni wekhwalithi, i-membrane ephefumulayo nayo inokusebenza okungenazo ezinye izinto ezingangeni manzi.

Ifilimu ephefumulayo ye-PE iyinto entsha ethuthuka ngokushesha emhlabeni. Ibizwa ngokuthi ifilimu ephefumulayo. Isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene ngenxa yezici zayo eziphefumulayo nezingenamanzi.

1. Isakhiwo se-PE membrane esiphefumulayo
Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-PE breathable membrane yi-polyethylene, okuyizinto ze-polymer ezenziwe nge-polyethylene. Ekukhiqizweni kwe-polyethylene, inani elincane le-4-carbon noma i-8-carbon a-olefin liyangezwa njenge-comonomer. Kodwa-ke, ngoba inani le-a-olefin elisetshenziswayo lincane, izici eziningi ze-polyethylene zisagcinwa.

umugqa wokukhiqiza ifilimu ophefumulayo we-PE

I-Polyethene iyinto emhlophe ekhanyayo njenge-wax, eguquguqukayo futhi eyinselele, futhi ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-polyethylene ephansi (LDPE) kanye ne-polyethylene ephezulu (HDPE).

I-LDPE yenziwe nge-ethylene ngaphansi komfutho ophezulu (98-250mpa), enobuningi obungaba ngu-0.91-0.92g/m3. I-HDPE ikhiqizwa nge-ethylene polymerized ngaphansi komfutho ongu-1.0mpa, enobukhulu obuphezulu, yonke indawo ingu-0.94-0.96g/m3.

I-Polyethene ayinabo ubuthi futhi inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ze-dielectric. Izinga lokushisa layo lokushintsha kwengilazi licishe libe ngu-125℃. I-Polyethene inamandla amakhemikhali amahle kakhulu, ingamelana ne-asidi ne-alkali ekushiseni kwegumbi, kodwa kulula ukuyi-oxidation ngokukhanya nokushisa, futhi ingaphinde ibhekane nokubola kwe-photo ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. I-Polyethene nayo inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini. Ingxenye yekristalu inikeza i-polyethylene amandla aphezulu, kanti ingxenye engeyona ikristalu iyinika ukuguquguquka okuhle.

2. Izici ze-membrane ephefumulayo ye-PE
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindwangu ezingaphefumuli, izindwangu eziphefumula nge-PE zinezici ezilandelayo:
1. Ingangena emoyeni kodwa hhayi emanzini ukuze isetshenziswe njengento engangeni manzi enokumelana nomswakama;
2. Kungathuthukisa ngokufanele ukujikeleza komoya endaweni yomsebenzisi, okuwusizo ekuphefumuleni kwesikhumba;
3. Ngenxa yezici zayo zezinto zokusetshenziswa, i-PE membrane ephefumulayo iyinto entsha, enobungani nemvelo futhi ayingcolisi imvelo.

3. Ukugeleza kwenqubo yefilimu ephefumulayo ye-PE
Ngokombono wobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokucubungula ama-membrane aphefumulayo: indlela yokuphonsa ifilimu eyisicaba kanti enye indlela yefilimu evuvukile, lapho indlela yokuphonsa isetshenziswa kakhulu khona.
Ukugeleza kwenqubo eyinhloko yendlela yokuphonsa kungokulandelayo:
Izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-PE + ukuxubana kwe-porogen kanye nokulinganisa i-granulation-extrusion casting-stretching kanye nokusetha i-cooling-trimming-coiling.
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ifilimu ephefumulayo ye-PET, inqubo yokwelula ye-PE Breathable Film Production Line ithonya kakhulu ukusebenza kwefilimu.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokwelula, lapho amandla okubopha phakathi kwezinhlayiya ze-porogen caco3 kanye ne-polymer ye-PE ezungezile engaphansi kwamandla okuguqulwa kwe-polymer ye-PE abangelwa ukwelula, i-polymer izohlukana emaphethelweni e-caco3, okuholela ezinhlayiyeni ezincane. Izimbobo azikwazi ukuvumela ama-molecule ewuketshezi ukuthi adlule, kodwa ama-molecule egesi kuphela, ukuze ifilimu enwetshiwe ibe nomsebenzi wokungangeni manzi futhi iphefumuleke.
Usayizi wesikhala ungalungiswa kuye ngezimo zenqubo njengosayizi, ukuma, indlela yokwelula, kanye nesilinganiso sokwelula sezinhlayiya ze-caco3.
Uma izinga lokushisa lokwelula lisezingeni elithile, njengoba isilinganiso sokwelula sikhula, ububanzi be-PE breathable film buyanda, futhi ukuvuleka komoya kuyanda, kuyilapho ukusebenza kokwelula kuba kubi kakhulu; njengoba ukujiya kukhuphuka, ukuvuleka komoya kuyancipha.

4. Izinkinga kanye nezindlela zokulwa ezivame ukuhlangana nazo enqubweni yokukhiqiza ifilimu ephefumulayo ye-PE.

1 Inhlanganisela ayinamandla
Amandla ahlanganisiwe efilimu ephefumulayo ye-PE aphansi kakhulu noma ayi-zero, angakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende nhlobo, okuholela ekulahlekelweni komkhiqizo. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe benqubo yokukhiqiza ifilimu ephefumulayo ye-PE, ukucindezeleka kobuso okuphansi, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-ejenti eshelelayo, kanye nokungcola kobuso kungaholela ezinhlanganiselani ezibuthakathaka.
Ukungezwani okuphansi kwendawo
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, ukucindezeleka kobuso befilimu ephefumulayo ye-PE yokuhlanganisa okomile kumele kube ngaphezu kwama-dyn/cm angu-38 ngaphambi kokuba isetshenziswe.
Lo mkhuba ufakazele ukuthi uma inani lokucindezelwa kobuso be-membrane yokuphefumula ye-PE liphansi kune-38dyn/cm, kungabangela isimo samandla aphansi ahlanganisiwe. Ngaphansi kwe-36dyn/cm, amandla ahlanganisiwe azoba phansi kakhulu noma abe yi-zero.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amandla okuhlanganiswa ahlobene nobukhulu befilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE. Uma ingaphansi kwama-micron angu-30, ingahlanganiswa kancane ngendlela engu-36-38dyn/cm. Uma ubukhulu bungama-micron angu-30-50, futhi inani lokucindezeleka kobuso lingu-37dyn/cm, isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe siyacatshangelwa. Njenge-OPP/PE, umphumela ohlanganisiwe ungahlangabezana nezidingo. Kodwa uma ubukhulu bungaphezu kwama-micron angu-50, abukwazi ukusetshenziswa uma ubukhulu bungaphansi kwama-38dyn/cm.
Nazi izinhla eziningana zedatha okufanele zibhekwe:
Inani lokucindezelwa kobuso be-PE breathable membrane lihle kakhulu uma lisanda kukhiqizwa, kodwa njengoba isikhathi sihamba, inani lokucindezelwa kobuso liyancipha kancane kancane. Ngokuvamile, i-PE breathable membrane ingagcinwa izinyanga ezi-3-6, kodwa ingagcinwa izinyanga ezi-3-6 ehlobo. Isikhathi sokugcina ngenkathi enomswakama kungcono singadluli izinyanga ezimbili.
Lo mkhuba ufakazele ukuthi inani lokucindezeleka kobuso befilimu ye-PE ephefumulayo linobuhlobo obuseduze kakhulu nobukhulu bayo kanye nendawo ezungezile. Lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya kanye nomswakama kuphakeme, inani lokucindezeleka kobuso liyancipha ngokushesha, futhi lapho ifilimu ijiya, kulapho incipha khona ngokushesha.
Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kwefilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE ngokuvamile akufanele kudlule izinyanga ezintathu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi semvula. Kufanele kunakwe kakhulu ukungenisa umoya kanye nokungenisa umoya kwesitoreji uma isikhathi sokugcina side kakhulu ngesizathu esithile, lapho kusetshenziswa kabusha, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kokugoqwa komqulu ngamunye, kuyadingeka ukucabangela ngokuphelele ukuthi kufanele kuqhutshekwe yini nokusebenzisa umkhiqizo ohlanganisiwe ngokwenhloso yomkhiqizo oxubile, ukuze kugwenywe ukulahleka.

Ithonya lezithasiselo
Uma ifilimu ephefumulayo ye-PE ikhiwa ibe yifilimu, izithasiselo ezithile, njengezinto ezilwa nokuqina, izinto ezishelelayo, kanye nezinto ezilwa nokuqina, ngokuvamile kudingeka zengezwe ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kwayo.
Lezi zithasiselo azihlali zimile ngemva kokwakheka kwefilimu noma ukuhlanganiswa kwayo, ikakhulukazi ama-slip agents, ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-erucamide noma i-oleamide.
Kunezizathu ezimbili zokwehla kwamandla ahlanganisiwe ngenxa yama-slip agents:
① Ngemva kokuba ifilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE ibekwe isikhathi esifushane, i-slip agent ithuthela ebusweni befilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE ukuze yakhe ungqimba oluqinile oluncane. Lolu ngqimba oluqinile luvimba ukubopha kwe-glue kanye nohlobo lwefilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE, okwenza i-bond yehluleke ukusebenzisana nobuso befilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE. Ama-molecule e-PE ayathintana, ukunamathela kokuqala okuhlanganisiwe akujulile, njengoba isikhathi sokupholisa sanda, amandla ahlanganisiwe awashintshi kakhulu, futhi amandla ahlanganisiwe ahlala ephansi noma e-zero.
Ifilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE eshelelayo kakhulu kumele isetshenziselwe izidingo ezikhethekile, futhi akufanele ishiywe isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Uma i-membrane yokuphefumula ye-PE isetshenziswa isikhathi eside ngesizathu esithile, kungcono ukubeka i-membrane yokuphefumula ye-PE ekushiseni okungu-60-70℃ isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-ejenti yokushelela izohluleka kancane, ngakho-ke phinda futhi ngalesi sikhathi. I-Laminating ayinayo inkinga yamandla aphansi okuhlanganiswa, kodwa i-membrane yokuphefumula ye-PE ayisenazo izakhiwo zokushelela eziphakeme.
②Ukunamathela kokuqala okuhlanganisiwe kuyamukeleka, kodwa njengoba isikhathi sokuqina sikhula, amandla ahlanganisiwe ayancipha kancane kancane, bese kuvela into emhlophe efana nempuphu phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-PE ezishelelayo kakhulu zisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwefilimu ye-PE ephefumulayo. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-ejenti eshelelayo ku-movie, ukunyakaza kwama-molecule e-ejenti eshelelayo ku-movie kuyaqina ngesikhathi senqubo yokwelapha emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (40-50℃). Inani elikhulu lama-molecule e-ejenti eshelelayo lithuthela kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zefilimu. Njengoba isikhathi sanda, inani lokufuduka liye phezulu liyakhula kancane kancane. Ukufuduka kwalo kubhubhisa inqubo yokubopha ngokomzimba phakathi kwe-adhesive nama-molecule e-PE futhi kuzokwakheka. Amandla e-bond abuthakathaka ayabhujiswa. Lapho isikhathi siqhubeka isikhathi eside, amandla okubhubhisa aqina futhi amandla ahlanganisiwe ayancipha.
Kulesi simo, ukwandisa izinga lokushisa lokupholisa ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ukusheshisa ijubane lokuxhumanisa le-glue ukuze ijubane lokusabela lidlule ijubane lokufuduka kwe-ejenti yokushelela ukuze kulungiswe i-ejenti yokushelela ngokweqile kwifilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE. Umthelela omubi.

Ukungcoliswa kobuso
Ama-membrane aphefumulayo e-PE ngokuvamile awangcoliswa ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, kodwa elinye lawo alinakwa kalula: ukungcola koketshezi lwe-dyne.
Abakhiqizi abaningi be-PE breathable membrane basebenzisa izixazululo ze-dyne abazilungiselele zona ukuze bahlole ukucindezelwa kobuso be-membrane. Uketshezi lwe-dyne ngokuvamile luyingxube ye-ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, uketshezi olungenambala nolusobala. Uma lungcoliswe ngengozi yi-guide roller ngenxa yejubane lalo lokuwohloka kancane, ifilimu izokonakala uma idlula ku-guide roller. Isixazululo se-dyne sihlasela ubuso be-PE breathable membrane futhi sihlanganiswe ngokuqinile nama-molecule e-PE. Asixhumani nama-molecule e-binder ngemva kokuhlanganiswa, okuholela emandleni ahlanganisiwe endawo angu-zero. Lesi simo siyinkimbinkimbi ukusithola ekuhlolweni kwangaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Izakhi ezimbili zimhlophe.
Lesi simo silula ukwenzeka kwifilimu emhlophe ye-PE; ngokuvamile, ifilimu emhlophe ye-milky inezelwa ngenani elithile le-masterbatch emhlophe: i-titanium dioxide egxilile. Ngenxa yekhwalithi ehlukile ye-masterbatch yombala, usayizi wezinhlayiya kanye nobunzima be-titanium dioxide equkethwe kuhlukile, okuholela ekhwalithini ehlukahlukene yefilimu emhlophe ye-milky ekhiqizwa ngemva kokuhlanganiswa kanye nokukhanya okuhlukile kobuso. Uma ubuso befilimu emhlophe ye-milky buzwakala bunzima futhi bunezimbobo ohlangothini, imikhiqizo eminingi ehlanganiswe nefilimu enjalo izoba namabala amhlophe. Izixazululo ezivamile zale nkinga yilezi ezilandelayo: Okokuqala ukwandisa inani lokunamathela. Okwesibili ukuphrinta kabusha ungqimba lweyinki emhlophe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi indlela eyamukelwayo, izindleko zizokwenyuka, ngakho ifilimu ye-PE kumele ihlolwe ngokuqinile ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.

3 Ngemva kokuhlanganiswa, umkhiqizo oqediwe uba yinto ecindezelayo
Lesi simo senzeke kubakhiqizi abaningi. Umshini wokupakisha ozenzakalelayo womkhiqizo ohlanganisiwe awusebenzi kahle, noma isikhwama esenziwe kunzima ukusivula.
Ukuhlanganisa okomile ngokuvamile kusebenzisa izinamathiseli ezisabelayo ezinezingxenye ezimbili, okumele ziqine ekushiseni okuphezulu ngemva kokuhlanganisa ukuze kutholakale amandla aphezulu kakhulu enhlanganisela. I-ejenti yokushelela efilimini yokuphefumula ye-PE izoshintsha ngenxa yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa lokwelapha. Ekushiseni okuthile, i-ejenti yokushelela izoshintsha amakhemikhali futhi ilahlekelwe umphumela wayo wokushelela. Uma isimo sezulu siphakeme, umehluko uba mkhulu. Uma ukulahlekelwa kukhulu, umkhiqizo wokugcina uzoba yi-astringent futhi awukwazi ukusetshenziswa.

Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa legumbi lokucwilisa kumele lilawulwe ngokuqinile cishe ku-40℃ futhi alikwazi ukwenyuswa ngokungahleliwe. Futhi, ngokuya ngezindlela ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, khetha ezinye izithako ukuze ugweme ukunamathela komkhiqizo ngenxa yokukhetha okungafanele kwamagreyidi e-resin.

4 Ukuvalwa kokushisa okubi
Ngemva kokungena kwe-compound, iprosesa yokugcina ingena ezandleni zekhasimende, ngezinye izikhathi izinga lokushisa lendawo lokuvala ukushisa liphezulu kakhulu, ukuvala ukushisa akulungile, njll., okungenakulondolozwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Izizathu zalo mphumela zifaka phakathi ukuwohloka kwe-corona, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-ejenti yokushelela, kanye nokwengezwa ngokweqile kwezinto eziphinde zasetshenziswa.

Ukuwohloka kweCorona
Uma ifilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE idlula ku-roller yokukhipha amandla kagesi aphezulu ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, ingabangela ukuwohloka kwengxenye yefilimu ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Lesi simo sivame ukuba yisiqeshana eside, futhi isikhundla ngokuvamile sizinzile. Inani lokucindezelwa kobuso livame ukuba phezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuwohloka kwesembozo esishisayo sakha into enamaqembu e-polar njengobuso obuhlanganisiwe, le nto ayinakho ukuvaleka kokushisa. Ngakho-ke, izosetshenziswa ekwenzeni izikhwama noma ekupakisheni okuzenzakalelayo. Ukuvalwa kokushisa okuyingxenye okungekuhle kwenzeke. I-membrane yokuphefumula ye-PE ingeza into yokuhlola yenani lokucindezelwa kobuso elihlanganisiwe lapho ingena efektri ukuze ihlolwe ukuze kugwenywe lesi simo.

Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-ejenti yokushelela
Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-ejenti yokushelela engqimbeni yokuvala ukushisa yefilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE, kuzobangela ukuthi inani elikhulu layo liwele ebusweni befilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE ukuze kwakheke ungqimba oluqinile, okuvimbela ukuvalwa kokushisa kwefilimu yokuphefumula ye-PE.
Lokhu kungenzeka uma kusetshenziswa ulwelwesi oluphefumulayo lwe-PE oluphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha amazinga e-resin afanele ngokwezidingo ezithile zamakhasimende bese uzama ukungasebenzisi amafilimu afile emikhiqizweni eshelela kakhulu. Ngemva kokuba lesi simo senzeke, kunconywa ukusebenzisa isinyibilikisi ukusula isembozo esishisayo ngokuphindaphindiwe, futhi umphumela uzothuthuka.

Ukwengezwa ngokweqile kwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe
Ukuze kongiwe izindleko, inani elithile lezinto eziphinde zasetshenziswa livame ukungezwa ekukhiqizweni kwe-PE membranes ephefumulayo. Izinto eziphinde zasetshenziswa ngokuvamile zivuselelwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu okungenani kabili. Kukhona inani elithile lokungcola. Ngemva kokuba i-membrane yenziwe kabusha, ukusebenza kwayo kokuvala ukushisa kuyathuthuka kakhulu. Ukwehla, izinga lokushisa lokuvala ukushisa ngokuvamile likhuphuka ngo-5-10℃. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi lapho inani elengeziwe lezinto eziphinde zasetshenziswa ezingqimbeni zokuvala ukushisa lingu-30%, izinga lokushisa lokuvala ukushisa lefilimu ephefumulayo ye-PE likhuphuka ngo-3-5℃. Uma inani lokwengeza lingu-50%, izinga lokushisa lokuvala ukushisa Liphakamisa izinga lokushisa elingu-6-10℃ futhi ngokuvamile lidinga umenzi wefilimu ukuthi angangezi izinto eziphinde zasetshenziswa engqimbeni yokuvala ukushisa ngangokunokwenzeka.

5. Uhla lokusetshenziswa kwe-membrane ye-PE ephefumulayo
Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezithambile nezikhululekile zomzimba nezemishini, i-PE membrane ephefumulayo inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthamba nokunwebeka.

Izindawo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa yilezi:
● Izinto ezidingekayo nsuku zonke: ijazi lemvula, isembozo sesudi, imaski yamehlo, indwangu yetafula, isigqoko seshawa, ikhethini leshawa, isikhwama samanzi, indwangu yetafula, njll.;
● Imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka: amanabukeni ephepha, ama-napkin ahlanzekile, izingubo zokwelashwa nokuhlinzwa, ukupakishwa okukhethekile kokwelashwa kwezokwelapha kanye nokupakishwa kokudla, njll.;
● Izinto zokupakisha: amakhompyutha, izinto zokupholisa umoya, izembozo ezingangeni uthuli, izembozo zezimoto, ukupakishwa okuthambile kwezimonyo, izikhwama zokuthenga, izikhwama zezipho, amafolda amafayela, njll.;
● Ukupakisha okusemfashinini: izikhwama zokuhlobisa, izinto zokubhala ezisezingeni eliphezulu, amahlombe amathe, amakhabethe, izikhwama zokudoba, izikhwama zezandla, nezikhwama, njll.